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Star and Crescent Coins

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  • Star and Crescent Coins


    Star
    and Crescent Coins




    The star and the crescent symbols have a long history in art , astronomy, astrology and numesmatics
    On coins of Roman Era the depiction of these symbols seems to indicate celestial arrangments of planets

    There are never more than seven stars depicted, wich would account fo all the roaming objects in the "heavens" (Sun, Moon,Mercury,Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn)

    All of the appearances of the star/cresent motif occurred during the reigns of 6 emperrors :
    Hadrian, Commodus, Septimus Severus, Caracalla, Geta, and Percennius Niger

    Hadrian 117-138 AD




    Commodus 180-190 AD



    Septimus Severus 193-211 AD



    Caracalla 211-217 AD



    Geta 209-211 AD
    Publius Septimus Geta .. son of Septimus Severus and brother of Caracalla




    Percennius Niger 193-194 AD
    Roman usurper in the Eastern Roman Empire











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  • #2

    The severan dynast was particularly obsessed by astrology

    Hadrian's star coin


    The provincial coins of Septimus Severus seems to be centred on Nikopolis
    Interestigly all five of visibles planets were alied in the night sky recently.

    Septimus Severus star coins






    Furthermore, the grouping of these coins in the later part of the second century may have significance.

    Geta star coin



    Computer models have suggested that two eclipses , one annular the other total, occured in the northern hemisphere in the 183 CE ( Common Era = AD) . This would place it in the reign of Commodus

    Commodus star coin



    Two eclipses in the same year (July 4, and Dec. 28) would have been exceedingly rare and noteworthy especially with the Annular eclipse occurring almost at the new year (the July 4, eclipse was total)

    All of the emperors mentioned ruled within 19 years of each other.

    Caracalla star coin


    Whether the purpose of the crescent/star motif is related to eclipses (in which planets become visible by day), lunar or planetary conjunctions of the Plaeidies (7 sisters) and/or other planets, or simple repesentation of Roman cosmology may never be known for sure

    The coin with Zeus on the obverse and a leaping ram on the reverse represents a planetary conjunction in the constellation Aries


    Antioch star coin


    According to Michael Molnar, the now famous "Star of Bethlehem" coin supposedly depicts Jupiter's occultation of Aries twice in April 6, BCE.

    A later coin from Antioch with a similar theme - Tyche on obverse with Venus(?) occulting the moon in Aries. Another famous depiction of a planetary conjunction is Julian II's two stars in Tarus reverse.
    Celestial objects depicted on coins makes for a very interesting focus for collecting.




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    • #3

      Julian II coin with tarus reverse



      Orodes II coins





      the Parthian coin of Orodes II , from middle east, depics two stars and the crescent moon.
      other coins , one star with a crescent wile others do not have a crescent.


      Artukid coin
      from the Artukid dynasty (12th century) Turkey



      The two figures on the obverse represent the Sun and Mercury.
      Other Artuqid coins have personifications of different combinations of planets and/or the sun








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      • #4
        For more informations about astronomical symbols used on coins
        http://tjbuggey.ancients.info/astro.html
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